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2 years ago

Which of the following is consistent with a spontaneous process in the forward direction?

Chemistry

1 answer:

Kryger [21]2 years ago

7 0

Answer:

A) ∆Suniv >0, ∆G<0, T∆Suniv >0.

Explanation:

The connection between entropy and the spontaneity of a reaction is expressed by the second law of thermodynamics: The entropy of the universe increases in a spontaneous process and remains unchanged in an equilibrium process.

Mathematically, we can express the second law of thermodynamics as follows:

For a spontaneous process: ΔSuniv = ΔSsys + ΔSsurr > 0

Therefore, the second law of thermodynamics tells us that a spontaneous reaction increases the entropy of the universe; that is, ΔSuniv > 0.

If we want spontaneity expressed only in terms of the properties of the system (ΔHsys and ΔSsys), we use the following equation:

-TΔSuniv = ΔHsys - TΔSsys < 0

That means that T∆Suniv >0.

This equation says that for a process carried out at constant pressure and temperature T, if the changes in enthalpy and entropy of the system are such that ΔHsys - TΔSsys is less than zero, the process must be spontaneous.

Finally, if the change in free energy is less than zero (ΔG<0), the reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction.

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Give the number of significant figures in this number: 40.00

Tatiana [17]

A significant figure is every symbol that made the number itself.

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If you have a case with zeros in front, you take to the first non zero digits.

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2 years ago

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2 years ago

Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, el nitrato de plata ( densidad = 4.35 g/cc ) es una sustancia con propiedades cáustic

OlgaM077 [116]

Answer:

737.52 mL de agua

Explanation:

En este caso solo debes usar la expresión de molaridad de una solución la cual es:

M = moles / V

Donde:

V: Volumen de solución.

Como queremos saber la cantidad de agua, queremos saber en otras palabras cual es la cantidad de solvente que se utilizó para preparar los 800 mL de disolución.

Una disolución se prepara con un soluto y solvente. El soluto lo tenemos, que es el nitrato de plata. Con la expresión de arriba, calculamos los moles de soluto, y luego su masa. Posteriormente, calculamos el volumen con la densidad, y finalmente podremos calcular el solvente de esta forma:

V ste = Vsol - Vsto

Primero calcularemos los moles de soluto:

moles = M * V

moles = 2 * 0.800 = 1.6 moles

Con estos moles, se calcula la masa usando el peso molecular reportado que es 169.87 g/mol:

m = moles * PM

m = 1.6 * 169.87 = 271.792 g

Ahora usando el valor de la densidad, calcularemos el volumen de soluto empleado:

d = m/V

V = m/d

V = 271.792 / 4.35

V = 62.48 mL

Finalmente, la cantidad de agua necesaria es:

V agua = 800 - 62.48

V agua = 737.52 mL

8 0

2 years ago

Notice that "SO4" appears in two different places in this chemical equation. SO42− is a polyatomic ion called "sulfate." What nu

masya89 [10]

Answer : The number placed in front of $CuSO_4$ should be, three (3).

Explanation :

Balanced chemical reaction : It is defined as the number of atoms of individual elements present on reactant side must be equal to the product side.

The given unbalanced chemical reaction is,

$CaSO_4+AlCl_3\rightarrow CaCl_2+Al_2(SO_4)_3$

This chemical reaction is an unbalanced reaction because in this reaction, the number of atoms of chloride and sulfate ion are not balanced.

In order to balanced the chemical reaction, the coefficient 3 is put before the $CuSO_4$ , the coefficient 2 is put before the $AlCl_3$ and the coefficient 3 is put before the $CaCl_2$ .