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Rufina [12.5K]
2 years ago
14

Electromagnetic radiation is emitted when a charged particle moves through a medium faster than the local speed of light. This r

adiation is known as Cherenkov radiation. Cherenkov radiation is found in many interesting places such as particle detectors and nuclear reactors and can even be seen by astronauts when cosmic rays traverse their eyes. It should be stressed that the particle is never going faster than the speed of light in vacuum (or ccc), just faster than the speed of light in the material (which is always less than ccc). The creation of Cherenkov radiation occurs in much the same way that a sonic boom is created when a plane is moving faster than the speed of sound in the air. The various wavefronts that propagate in the material add coherently to create an effective shock wave. In this problem, you will become familiar with this type of radiation and learn how to use its properties to get information about the particles that created it. Part A What is the threshold velocity vthreshold(water)vthreshold(water)v_threshold (water) (i.e., the minimum velocity) for creating Cherenkov light from a charged particle as it travels through water (which has an index of refraction of n
Physics
1 answer:
alexandr1967 [171]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

to create the particle the speed must be greater than 2.25 10⁸ m / s

Explanation:

In this exercise we must use the relation of the index of refraction with the speed of light in a vacuum and a material medium

           n = c / v

where c is the speed of light in the vacuum, v the speed of light in the material medium and n the ratio of rafraccio

in this case they give us that the medium matter water them that has a refractive index of

              n = 1,333

we clear

          v = c / n

let's calculate

           v = 3 10⁸ / 1,333

           v = 2.25 10⁸ m / s

to create the particle the speed must be greater than 2.25 10⁸ m / s

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In very cold weather, a significant mechanism for heat loss by the human body is energy expended in warming the air taken into t
Pie

Answer:

A) Q_a=74256\ J

B) Q=93562560\ J

Explanation:

Given:

  • temperature of air, T_a=-19+273=254\ K
  • temperature of lungs, T_l=37+273=310\ K
  • specific Heat exchanged from the lungs , c_l=0.47\ J.kg^{-1}.K^{-1}
  • specific heat of air, c_a=1020\ J.kg^{-1}.K^{-1}
  • mass of 1 L air, m'=1.3\ kg
  • breath rate, b=21\ breath.min^{-1}

A)

Now,

amount of heat needed to warm the air of lungs to the body temperature:

Q_a=m'.c_a.\Delta T

Q_a=1.3\times1020\times (310-254)

Q_a=74256\ J

B)

Amount of heat lost per hour:

<u>No. of breaths per hour:</u>

B=b.60

B=21\times 60

B=1260

<u>Now the total loss of energy in 1 hr.:</u>

Q=Q_a.B

Q=74256\times 1260

Q=93562560\ J

7 0
2 years ago
A small particle with positive charge q = +4.25 x 10^-4C and mass m = 5.00 x 10^-5 kg is moving in a region of uniform electric
Tcecarenko [31]

Answer:

a)   r = (0.6 i- 2039 j ^ + 0.102 k⁾ m  and b) vₓ = 30.0 m / s , v_{y} = 2.04 10⁵ m / s   c) v_{z}  = 1.02 10⁻¹m / s

Explanation:

a) To find the position of the particle at a given moment we must know the approximation of the body, use Newton's second law to find the acceleration

         Fe + Fm = m a

         a = (Fe + Fm) / m

the electric force is

         Fe = q E   k ^

         Fe = 4.25 10-4 60 k ^

         Fe = 2.55 10-2 k ^

the magnetic force is

         Fm = q v x B

         Fm = 4.25 10⁻⁴  \left[\begin{array}{ccc}i&j&k\\30&0&0\\0&0&49\end{array}\right]

         fm = 4.25 10⁻⁴ (-j ^ 30 4)

         fm 0 = ^ -5,10 10⁻² j

We look for every component of acceleration

X axis

      aₓ = 0

there is no force

Axis y

      ay = -5.10 10²/5 10⁻⁵ j ^

      ay = -1.02 107 j ^ / s2

z axis

      az = 2.55 10⁻² / 5 10⁻⁵ k ^

      az = 5.1 10² k ^ m / s²

Having the acceleration in each axis we can encocoar the position using kinematics

X axis

the initial velocity is vo = 30 m / s and an initial position xo = 0

           x = vo t + ½ aₓ t₂2

           x = 30 0.02 + 0

           x = 0.6m

       

Axis y

acceleration is ay = -1.02 10⁷ m / s², a starting position of i = 1m

           y = I + go t + ½ ay t²

           y = 1 + 0 + ½ (-1.02 10⁷) 0.02²

           y = 1 - 2.04 10³

           y = -2039 m j ^

z axis

acceleration is aza = 5.1 10² m / s², the position and initial speed are zero

          z = zo + v₀ t + ½ az t²

          z = 0 + 0 + ½ 5.1 10² 0.02²

          z = 1.02 10⁻¹ m k ^

therefore the position of the bodies is

   r = (0.6 i- 2039 j ^ + 0.102 k⁾ m

b) x axis

 since there is no acceleration the speed remains constant

          vₓ = 30.0 m / s

Axis y

  let's use the equation v = v₀ + a_{y} t

         v_{y} = 0 + -1.02 10⁷ 0.02

          v_{y} = 2.04 10⁵ m / s

z axis

          v_{z} = vo + az t

          v_{z} = 0 + 5.1 10² 0.02

          v_{z}  = 1.02 10⁻¹m / s

8 0
2 years ago
"The predictions of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity were tested on a double pulsar system in January of 2004. His equati
Rasek [7]

Answer:

99.95%

Explanation:

A double pulsar system named PSR J0737-3039A/B  in Puppis constellation was discovered in the year 2003. Pulsars are second most densest object in the universe after black holes and they emit radio waves at regular intervals. This pair presented a great and natural setup to test the Theory of General Relativity presented by Einstein in 1915. In this theory Einstein had presented a set of equations on how the space-time fabric will be curved because of the very dense objects such as Neutron stars. It also predicted how the gravitational waves are created because of stars orbiting each other.

A team of astrophysicists led by Michael Kramer, conducted a study on how these gravitational waves will impact the time in which the radio waves emitted by pulsars will reach Earth. The result of the study proved the theory of General Relativity to be accurate up to 99.95%.

8 0
2 years ago
Suppose you are measuring the height of a small child. What will determine the number if significant digits you record?
slega [8]

The number of significant digits of any measurement is determined by the instrument used for such measurement. For example, in this case, we have the height of a small child being measured. We can use a simple ruler for this, and we see that a ruler has ten divisions for 1 cm. This means that the ruler cannot measure beyond the size of 0.1 cm or 1 mm. Hence, when we report the height of the small child, we report it to one significant digit after the decimal place. As an example, if we measure a child's height to be 90 full cm divisions and 8 smaller divisions, we report it as 90.8 cm but not 90.83 or 90.86 cm.

8 0
2 years ago
The connections of many simple pieces in the brain is evidence of the:
olga55 [171]

Brian’s Complexity Brian’s Complexity Brian’s Complexity Brian’s Complexity

6 0
2 years ago
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