Given parameters:
Mass of sucrose = 5g
Density of sucrose = 1.12g/mL
Percentage of sucrose per liter of cane juice = 12%
Unknown:
Volume of cane juice needed = ?
We need to establish the volume - density relationship. Density is the mass of a substance per unit volume.
Mathematically;
Density =
Now solve for the volume of sucrose;
1.12g/mL =
Volume = = 4.46mL = 4.46 x 10⁻³L since 1000mL = 1L
Since 12% of 1 liter of cane juice is sucrose;
12% of x liter of cane juice = 4.46 x 10⁻³L
Volume of cane juice = 4.46 x 10⁻³ x = 0.037L
Volume of cane juice is 0.037L
Explanation:
For the given values of we will have the values of
as follows.
As,
Therefore,
= 2.15,
= 7.20
= 12.38
Now, at pH 6.50
;
At pH = 2.15;
;
At pH 7.20;
;
Hence, we can conclude that most abundant species is and the second most abundant species is
.
Answer:
(a) Cu²⁺ +2e⁻ ⇌ Cu
(c) 0.07 V
Explanation:
(a) Cu half-reaction
Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Cu
(c) Cell voltage
The standard reduction potentials for the half-reactions are+
<u> E°/V </u>
Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⇌ Cu; 0.34
Hg₂Cl₂ + 2e⁻ ⇌ 2Hg + 2Cl⁻; 0.241
The equation for the cell reaction is
E°/V
Cu²⁺(0.1 mol·L⁻¹) + 2e⁻ ⇌ Cu; 0.34
<u>2Hg + 2Cl⁻ ⇌ Hg₂Cl₂ + 2e⁻; </u> <u>-0.241 </u>
Cu²⁺(0.1 mol·L⁻¹) + 2Hg + 2Cl⁻ ⇌ Cu + Hg₂Cl₂; 0.10
The concentration is not 1 mol·L⁻¹, so we must use the Nernst equation
(ii) Calculations:
T = 25 + 273.15 = 298.15 K