Karissa is conducting an experiment on the amount of salt that dissolves in water at different temperatures. She repeats her tes
2 answers:
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The initial volume of the gas is
while its final volume is
so its variation of volume is
The pressure is constant, and it is
Therefore the work done by the gas is
where the negative sign means the work is done by the surrounding on the gas.
The heat energy given to the gas is
And the change in internal energy of the gas can be found by using the first law of thermodynamics:
where the positive sign means the internal energy of the gas has increased.
while its final volume is
so its variation of volume is
The pressure is constant, and it is
Therefore the work done by the gas is
where the negative sign means the work is done by the surrounding on the gas.
The heat energy given to the gas is
And the change in internal energy of the gas can be found by using the first law of thermodynamics:
where the positive sign means the internal energy of the gas has increased.
The index of refraction of a material is the ratio between the speed of light in vacuum, c, and the speed of light in that material, v:
where the speed of light in vacuum is
. The speed of light in benzene is 
, so we can use the previous relationship to find the refractive index of benzene:
where the speed of light in vacuum is