Question

What is the ratio of the concentration of potassium ions to the concentration of carbonate ions in a 0.015 m solution of potassium carbonate?

Answer 1

The ratio of concentration of potassium ions to the concentration of carbonate ions in 0.015 m solution is $\boxed{2:1}$

Further Explanation:

The dissociation reaction of potassium carbonate in aqueous is as follows:

${{\text{K}}_2}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) \to 2{{\text{K}}^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}^{{\text{2 - }}}\left( {aq} \right)$

According to the dissociation reaction of potassium carbonate, 1 mole of potassium carbonate$\left( {{{\text{K}}_2}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_3}} \right)$ produces 2 moles of potassium ion $\left( {{{\text{K}}^ + }} \right)$ and 1 mole of carbonate ion $\left( {{\text{CO}}_3^{2 - }} \right)$.

Therefore, the concentration of potassium ion $\left( {{{\text{K}}^ + }} \right)$ produced by the 0.015 m of potassium carbonate is as follows:

$\begin{aligned}{\text{Concentration of }}{{\text{K}}^ + }{\text{ion}}&=2\left({{\text{Concentration of}}\;{{\text{K}}_2}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_3}} \right)\\&=2\left({0.015\;{\text{m}}}\right)\\&=\boxed{0.030\,{\text{m}}}\\\end{aligned}$

The concentration of carbonate ion is as follows:

$\begin{aligned}{\text{Concentration of CO}}_3^{2 - }{\text{ ion}}&=\left({{\text{Concentration of }}{{\text{K}}_2}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_3}}\right)\\&=\boxed{0.015\,{\text{m}}}\\\end{aligned}$

Therefore, after dissociation, the concentration of potassium ion $\left( {{{\text{K}}^ + }} \right)$ is 0.030 m and concentration of carbonate ion $\left( {{\text{CO}}_3^{2 - }} \right)$ is 0.015 m.

Determine the ratio of concentration of potassium ions $\left( {{{\text{K}}^ + }} \right)$ to the concentration of carbonate ions as follows:

$\begin{aligned}{\text{Ratio}}&=\frac{{{\text{Concentration of potassium ion}}\left({{{\text{K}}^ + }}\right)}}{{{\text{Concentration of carbonate ion}}\left( {{\text{CO}}_3^{2 - }}\right)}}\\&=\frac{{0.030\,{\text{m}}}}{{0.015\;{\text{m}}}}\\&=\frac{2}{1}\\\end{aligned}$

Therefore the ratio of concentration of potassium ions $\left( {{{\mathbf{K}}^{\mathbf{ + }}}} \right)$ to the concentration of carbonate ions $\left( {{\mathbf{CO}}_{\mathbf{3}}^{{\mathbf{2 - }}}} \right)$ is 2:1.

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Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Covalent bonding and molecular structure

Keywords: ratio, concentration, potassium, potassium ion, carbonate, carbonate ion, dissociation, reaction, K+, co32-, moles, number of moles.

Answer 2

The ratio of the concentration of potassium ions (K⁺) to the concentration of carbonate ions (CO₃²⁻) = 2: 1

Further explanation

Stochiometry in Chemistry studies about chemical reactions mainly emphasizes quantitative, such as the calculation of volume, mass, amount, which is related to the number of actions, molecules, elements, etc.

Reaction equations are chemical formulations for reagents and product substances

Reaction coefficients are numbers in the chemical formula of substances involved in the reaction equation. Reaction coefficients are useful for balancing reagents and products.

The reaction coefficient shows the ratio of the number of moles or molecules of the reacting substance

The ionization reaction is the reaction of the decomposition of a substance into its ions when the substance is dissolved in water.

• Molarity (M)

Molarity shows the number of moles of solute in every 1 liter of solution.

$\large{\boxed {\bold {M ~ = ~ \frac {n} {V}}}$

Electrolytes will dissociate into ions when dissolved in water

While non-electrolyte solutions do not produce ions

Electrolyte solutions can be

• 1. Electrolytes are strong if in a solution can be fully ionized usually expressed by the degree of ionization α = 1

• 2. Electrolytes are weak if in ions the solution is only partially ionized. The degree of ionization ranges from 0 <α <1

Potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) will dissociate into ions

K₂CO₃ ⇒ 2K⁺+ CO₃²⁻

Comparison of reaction coefficients = mole ratio = concentration ratio for the same volume, so

The mole ratio of the ions is

K⁺ : CO₃²⁻ = 2: 1

This comparison also shows the ratio of concentrations of ions: (K₂CO₃ concentration = 0.015 M)

K⁺: CO₃²⁻ = 2.0.015: 1.0.015

K⁺: CO₃²⁻ = 0.03: 0.015 = 2: 1

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Keywords: reaction coefficients, potassium carbonate, electrolytes