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2 years ago

Which electrons in a calcium atom in the ground state have the greatest effect on the chemical properties of calcium

Chemistry

2 answers:

JulsSmile [24]2 years ago

6 0

Answer is: the two electrons in the fourth shell.

Atomic number of calcium is 20, it means that it has 20 protons and 20 electrons, so atom of calcium is neutral.

Electron configuration of calcium atom: ₂₀Ca 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²; calcium has two valence electrons (4s²).

In reactions it lose those two electrons ang form cation with positive charge 2+.

Atomic number is the number of protons, which is characteristic of a chemical element.

Beryllium, magnesium,calcium and strontium are alkaline earth metals. The elements have very similar properties.

Alkaline earth metals have in common an outer s- electron shell (two electrons).

liraira [26]2 years ago

5 0

<u>Valence electrons</u> have the greatest effect on the chemical properties of calcium

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

Electrons can move the shell up or down by releasing energy or absorbing energy

Excited electrons show higher electron transfer to the shell by absorbing energy

So it can be concluded that there are 2 conditions:

Ground state is the state of electrons filling skins with the lowest energy levels.

Excited state is the state of electrons which occupies a higher energy level

The state of excited electrons can be seen from the presence of electrons which do not fill the skin completely but fill the skin afterwards

Ca has atomic number 20 so the electron configuration is:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²

This configuration can be said in Ground state conditions

Elemental properties can be determined by its valence electrons (electrons which fill electrons in the outer shell)

The valence electrons of an element indicate in what group and period the element is located in the periodic system so that its properties can be determined

The period of an element is determined from the valence shell (the biggest main quantum number (n) )

Groups of chemical elements are divided into two, namely:

Group A, occupying sub shell s and p

Group B, occupying sub shell d

If we look at valence electrons from Ca atoms then:

period = 4
group = 2A

So that the Ca Atom is located in the alkaline earth group, together with beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra)

So the chemical properties of calcium :

- forming bases
- reactive
- strong reducing agent

<h3>Learn more </h3>

element X

brainly.com/question/2572495

electrons and atomic orbitals

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about subatomic particles statement

brainly.com/question/3176193

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Calculate the specific heat capacity for a 22.7-g sample of lead that absorbs 237 J when its temperature increases from 29.8 °C

soldier1979 [14.2K]

Answer:

$\boxed {\boxed {\sf c\approx 0.159 \ J/ g \textdegree C}}$

Explanation:

We are asked to find the specific heat capacity of a sample of lead. The formula for calculating the specific heat capacity is:

$c= \frac{Q}{m \times \Delta T}$

The heat absorbed (Q) is 237 Joules. The mass of the lead sample (m) is 22.7 grams. The change in temperature (ΔT) is the difference between the final temperature and the initial temperature. The temperature increases <em>from</em> 29.8 °C <em>to </em>95.6 °C.

ΔT = final temperature -inital temperature
ΔT= 95.6 °C - 29.8 °C = 65.8 °C

Now we know all three variables and can substitute them into the formula.

Q= 237 J
m= 22.7 g
ΔT = 65.8 °C

$c= \frac {237 \ J}{22.7 \ g \ \times \ 65.8 \textdegree C}$

Solve the denominator.

22.7 g * 65.8 °C = 1493.66 g °C

$c= \frac {237 \ J}{1493.66 \ g \textdegree C}$

Divide.

$c= 0.1586706479 J /g \textdegree C$

The original values of heat, temperature, and mass all have 3 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we found that is the thousandth place. The 6 in the ten-thousandth place tells us to round the 8 up to a 9.

$c \approx 0.159 \ J/g \textdegree C$

The specific heat capacity of lead is approximately <u>0.159 Joules per gram degree Celsius.</u>

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1 year ago

. Citric acid, which can be obtained from lemon juice, has the molecular formula C6H8O7. A 0.250-g sample of citric acid dissolv

marysya [2.9K]

Answer:

3 acidic hydrogens per molecule of citric acid

Explanation:

In a sample of 37.2 mL(0.0372 L) of 0.105 mol/L of NaOH, will have:

n = 0.105x0.0372 = 0.0039 mol of NaOH

The dissociation of NaOH will give the same number of moles of Na⁺ and OH⁻.

The molar mass of citric acid is:

C: 12g/mol x 6 = 72 g/mol

H: 1g/mol x 8 = 8g/mol

O: 16 g/mol x 7 = 112 g/mol

192 g/mol

So, 0.250g of the acid has

n = mass/molar mass

n = 0.250/192

n = 0.0013 mol.

To be neutralized, it will be necessary 0.0039 mol of acidic hydrogens to react with the 0.0039 mol of OH⁻.

The dissociation reaction of one molecule of the acid will give the stoichiometry:

1 mol of acid ----------------------- x mol of acidic hydrogens

0.0013 mol --------------------------- 0.0039

For a simple direct three rule:

0.0013x = 0.0039

x = 3 acidic hydrogens per molecule of citric acid.

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2 years ago

If 4.35 g of phosphoric acid are added to 5.25g of KOH, what is the percent yield of the reaction if only 3.15g of potassium pho

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We are given with
4.35 g Phosphoric acid
5.25 g KOH
3.15 g K3PO4 produced

The reaction is
H3PO4 + 3KOH => K3PO4 + 3H2O

First, convert masses into moles.
Then, determine the limiting reactant.
Next, determine the maximum amount of K3PO4 that can be produced from the limiting reactant.
Lastly, calculate the percent yield by dividing the actual amount produced by the theoretical amount produced.

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1 year ago

Oxygen _____.

Marysya12 [62]

The answer is it breaks down food into energy
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The table shows columns that Brenda uses for her notes on the properties of elements. Her notes state that some elements can rea

skad [1K]

Answer:

<u>in the columns for metals and for metalloids</u>

Explanation:

There are six elements that are always classified as metalloids: boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium. Pollonium is also, generally, classified as a metalloid,

Metalloids have intermediate electronegativity values (in between that of metals and nonmetals), which is responsible for some similarities (or in between properties) with metals and some similarites with non metals.

An example of such properties that metals and metalloids have in common is that they have relative high melting points. Metalloids are all solid at room temperature, such as most metals.

Other property that both metals and metalloids share is that they can react with oxygen to form oxides that are amphoteric.

Amphoteric compounds are substances that can behave as a base or as an acid, depending on the other compound with which they react.

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The oxides of metalloids are usually amphoteric.

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2 years ago

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