Question

Write formation reactions for the following. [You must include the states of matter for each atom or compound.] a. Ca(NO3)2 (s), b. CH3OH (l), c. NaClO4 (s)

Answer 1

Answer:

a. Ca(s) + N₂(g) + 3O₂(g) → Ca(NO₃)₂(s).

b. C(s,graphite) + 2H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → CH₃OH(l).

c. 3NaCl(s) + 4O₃(g) → 3NaClO₄(s).

Explanation:

a. The formation reaction of Ca(NO₃)₂(s) is:

Ca(s) + N₂(g) + 3O₂(g) → Ca(NO₃)₂(s).

• 1.0 mole of solid Ca reacts with 1.0 mole of N₂ gas and 3.0 moles of O₂ gas to produce 1.0 mole of solid Ca(NO₃)₂.

b. The formation reaction of CH₃OH(l) is:

C(s,graphite) + 2H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → CH₃OH(l).

• 1.0 mole of solid C (graphite) reacts with 2.0 mole of H₂ gas and 0.5 mole of O₂ gas to produce 1.0 mole of liquid CH₃OH.

c. The formation reaction of NaClO₄(s) is:

3NaCl(s) + 4O₃(g) → 3NaClO₄(s).

• 3.0 moles of solid NaCl react with 4.0 moles of O₂ gas to produce 3.0 moles of solid NaClO₄.

Answer 2

Answer: The chemical equations are written below.

Explanation:

Formation reaction is defined as the reaction for the formation of one mole of a substance from its constituent elements.

• For a:  $Ca(NO_3)_2$

This compound is formed by the combination of calcium, nitrogen and oxygen atoms.

The chemical equation for the formation of calcium nitrate follows:

$Ca(s)+N_2(g)+3O_2(g)\rightarrow Ca(NO_3)_2(s)$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of solid calcium reacts with 1 mole of nitrogen gas and 3 moles of oxygen gas to produce 1 mole of solid calcium nitrate.

• For b:  $CH_3OH$

This compound is formed by the combination of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

The chemical equation for the formation of methanol follows:

$C(s)+2H_2(g)+\frac{1}{2}O_2(g)\rightarrow CH_3OH(l)$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of solid carbon reacts with 2 moles of hydrogen gas and half moles of oxygen gas to produce 1 mole of liquid methanol.

• For c:  $NaClO_4$

This compound is formed by the combination of sodium, chlorine and oxygen atoms.

The chemical equation for the formation of sodium perchlorate follows:

$Na(s)+\frac{1}{2}Cl_2(g)+2O_2(g)\rightarrow NaClO_4(s)$

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of solid sodium reacts with half moles of chlorine gas and 2 moles of oxygen gas to produce 1 mole of solid sodium perchlorate.