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Andrews [41]
2 years ago
7

A thin electrical heating element provides a uniform heat flux qo" to the outer surface of a duct through which air flows. The d

uct wall has a thickness of 10 mm and a thermal conductivity of 20 W/m·K. (a) At a particular location, the air temperature is 30°C and the convection heat transfer coefficient between the air and inner surface of the duct is 100 W/m2·K. What heat flux is required to maintain the inner surface of the duct at Ti = 58°C? (b) For the conditions of part (a), what is the temperature To of the duct surface next to the heater?
Physics
1 answer:
Ivanshal [37]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a)q= 2800 W/m²

b)To=59.4°C

Explanation:

Given that

L = 10 mm

K= 20 W/m·K

T=30°C

h= 100 W/m²K

Ti=58°C

a)

Heat flux q

q= h ΔT

q= 100 x (58 - 30 )

q= 2800 W/m²

b)

As we know that heat transfer by Fourier law given as

Q= K A ΔT/L

Lets take outer temperature is To

So by  Fourier law

To= Ti + qL/K

Now by putting the values

To= Ti + qL/K

To= 58 + 2800 \times \dfrac{ 0.01}{20}

To=59.4°C

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The wheels of the locomotive push back on the tracks with a constant net force of 7.50 × 105 N, so the tracks push forward on th
Rasek [7]

Answer:

The freight train would take 542.265 second to increase the speed of the train from rest to 80.0 kilometers per hour.

Explanation:

Statement is incomplete. Complete description is presented below:

<em>A freight train has a mass of </em>1.83\times 10^{7}\,kg<em>. The wheels of the locomotive push back on the tracks with a constant net force of </em>7.50\times 10^{5}\,N<em>, so the tracks push forward on the locomotive with a force of the same magnitude. Ignore aerodynamics and friction on the other wheels of the train. How long, in seconds, would it take to increase the speed of the train from rest to 80.0 kilometers per hour?</em>

If locomotive have a constant net force (F), measured in newtons, then acceleration (a), measured in meters per square second, must be constant and can be found by the following expression:

a = \frac{F}{m} (1)

Where m is the mass of the freight train, measured in kilograms.

If we know that F = 7.50\times 10^{5}\,N and m = 1.83\times 10^{7}\,kg, then the acceleration experimented by the train is:

a = \frac{7.50\times 10^{5}\,N}{1.83\times 10^{7}\,kg}

a = 4.098\times 10^{-2}\,\frac{m}{s^{2}}

Now, the time taken to accelerate the freight train from rest (t), measured in seconds, is determined by the following formula:

t = \frac{v-v_{o}}{a} (2)

Where:

v - Final speed of the train, measured in meters per second.

v_{o} - Initial speed of the train, measured in meters per second.

If we know that a = 4.098\times 10^{-2}\,\frac{m}{s^{2}}, v_{o} = 0\,\frac{m}{s} and v = 22.222\,\frac{m}{s}, the time taken by the freight train is:

t = \frac{22.222\,\frac{m}{s}-0\,\frac{m}{s}  }{4.098\times 10^{-2}\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} }

t = 542.265\,s

The freight train would take 542.265 second to increase the speed of the train from rest to 80.0 kilometers per hour.

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2 years ago
For a given initial projectile speed Vo, calculate what launch angle A gives the longest range R. Show your work, don't just quo
pickupchik [31]
The optimal angle of 45° for maximum horizontal range is only valid when initial height is the same as final height. 

<span>In that particular situation, you can prove it like this: </span>

<span>initial velocity is Vo </span>
<span>launch angle is α </span>

<span>initial vertical velocity is </span>
<span>Vv = Vo×sin(α) </span>

<span>horizontal velocity is </span>
<span>Vh = Vo×cos(α) </span>

<span>total time in the air is the the time it needs to fall back to a height of 0 m, so </span>
<span>d = v×t + a×t²/2 </span>
<span>where </span>
<span>d = distance = 0 m </span>
<span>v = initial vertical velocity = Vv = Vo×sin(α) </span>
<span>t = time = ? </span>
<span>a = acceleration by gravity = g (= -9.8 m/s²) </span>
<span>so </span>
<span>0 = Vo×sin(α)×t + g×t²/2 </span>
<span>0 = (Vo×sin(α) + g×t/2)×t </span>
<span>t = 0 (obviously, the projectile is at height 0 m at time = 0s) </span>
<span>or </span>
<span>Vo×sin(α) + g×t/2 = 0 </span>
<span>t = -2×Vo×sin(α)/g </span>

<span>Now look at the horizontal range. </span>
<span>r = v × t </span>
<span>where </span>
<span>r = horizontal range = ? </span>
<span>v = horizontal velocity = Vh = Vo×cos(α) </span>
<span>t = time = -2×Vo×sin(α)/g </span>
<span>so </span>
<span>r = (Vo×cos(α)) × (-2×Vo×sin(α)/g) </span>
<span>r = -(Vo)²×sin(2α)/g </span>

<span>To find the extreme values of r (minimum or maximum) with variable α, you must find the first derivative of r with respect to α, and set it equal to 0. </span>

<span>dr/dα = d[-(Vo)²×sin(2α)/g] / dα </span>
<span>dr/dα = -(Vo)²/g × d[sin(2α)] / dα </span>
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<span>dr/dα = -2 × (Vo)² × cos(2α) / g </span>

<span>Vo and g are constants ≠ 0, so the only way for dr/dα to become 0 is when </span>
<span>cos(2α) = 0 </span>
<span>2α = 90° </span>
<span>α = 45° </span>
4 0
2 years ago
Two objects are placed in thermal contact and are allowed to come to equilibrium in isolation. the heat capacity of object a is
Harman [31]
Given:
Ca = 3Cb                      (1)
where
Ca =  heat capacity of object A
Cb =  heat capacity f object B

Also,
Ta = 2Tb                     (2)
where
Ta = initial temperature of object A
Tb = initial temperature of object B.

Let
Tf =  final equilibrium temperature of both objects,
Ma = mass of object A,
Mb = mass of object B.

Assuming that all heat exchange occurs exclusively between the two objects, then energy balance requires that
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Substitute (1) and (2) into (3).
Ma*(3Cb)*(2Tb - Tf) = Mb*Cb*(Tf - Tb)
3(Ma/Mb)*(2Tb - Tf) = Tf - Tb

Define k = Ma/Mb, the ratio f the masses.
Then
3k(2Tb - Tf) = Tf - Tb
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Tf = [(1+6k)/(1+3k)]*Tb

Answer:
T_{f} =( \frac{1+6k}{1+3k} )T_{b}= \frac{1}{2}( \frac{1+6k}{1+3k})T_{a}
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mart [117]

Answer:

1.28

Explanation:

7 0
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Sunitha can type 1800 words in half an hour. What is her typing speed in words per minute?
Andre45 [30]

Answer:

60words/minute

Explanation:

If Sunitha can type 1800 words in half an hour, this can be expressed as;

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Hence her typing speed in words per minute is 60words/minute

6 0
1 year ago
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