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2 years ago

Complete the following sentence: The cathode in a voltaic cell is the electrode _____________.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Sergio [31]2 years ago

7 0

Answer:

to which cations from the salt bridge migrate

Explanation:

A voltaic cell is an electrochemical cell that uses spontaneous redox reactions to generate electricity. It's composed of a cathode, an anode, and a salt bridge.

In cathode, the substance is gaining electrons, so it's reducing, in the anode, the substance is losing electrons, so it's oxidating. The flow of electrons is from the anode to the cathode.

The salt bridge is a bond between the cathode and the anode. When the redox reaction takes place, the substances produce its ions, so the solution is no more neutral. The salt bridge allows the solutions to become neutral and the redox reaction continues.

So, the cathode produces anions, which goes to the anode, and the anode produces cations, which goes to the cathode. Then, the cathode n a voltaic cell is the electrode to which cations from salt bridge migrate and where the reduction takes place.

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vichka [17]

Answer:

1. 0.1683 mol

2. 1.191 g

3. 0.02695 mol

4. Na₂Cl₃

5. The empirical formula obtained is not correct. This is likely due to experimental errors, since much precision was required (the masses are determined in thousandths of grams).

Explanation:

1. How many moles of elemental sodium were used in the reaction?

Since all of the solid sodium is used up by the reaction, you can cancluate the number of moles of elemental sodium used dividing the mass by the molar mass:

number of moles = mass in grams / atomic mass

mass in grams = 0.3870 g (given)

atomic mass = 22.990 g/mol

number of moles = 0.3870 g / 22.990 g/mol = 0.1683 mol

2. What is the mass of chlorine gas used in the reaction?

a) Mass of chlorine gas introduced in the flask = mass of the stoppered flask after filling it with chlorine gas - mass of the empty flask with the sopper

Mass of chlorine gas introduced = 158.1743g - 156.1870g = 1.9873 g

b) Mass of chlorine gas unreacted = 0.7962 g (given)

c) Mass of chlorine gas used = mass of chorine gas introduced in the flask - mass of chlorine gass un reacted

Mass of chlorine gas used = 1.9873g - 0.7962g = 1.1911g

3. How many moles of chlorine were used in the reaction?

molar mass of chlorine gas, Cl₂ = 2 × 35.453 g/mol = 70.906 g/mol

number of moles = mass in grams / molar mass = 1.911g / 70.906g/mol = 0.02695 mol

4. What is the empirical formula of sodium chloride based on the experimental data?

Divide the number of moles of each element by the smalles number of moles:

Na: 0.01683 / 0.01683 = 1

Cl = 0.02695 / 0.01683 = 1.6

Multiply by 2 to obtain whole numbers:

Na = 2

Cl = 3.2 = 3

Empirical formula Na₂Cl₃

5. Was the empirical formula you obtained correct using the chemists data correct? Why?

No, the empirical formula you obtained using the chemists data is not correct, because the correct empirical formula of sodium chloride is NaCl.

That is, there is 1 atom of sodium per every atom of chlorine in one chemical formula of NaCl, but that is not reflected by the empirical formula Na₂Cl₃.

That is a demostration of big experimental errors. You can speculate that the errors are likely due to problems of procedure collecting the gas or errors in measuring the masses.

As you see, the masses are measured to thousandths of grams, which requires much precision; thus smalls absolute errors could produce huge relative errors.

7 0

2 years ago

What should you do every time you are about to heat glassware on a hot plate?

riadik2000 [5.3K]

Answer:

Ensure that the glassware is designed for heating

Check that there are no cracks in the glassware

Inspect the hot plate for frayed cords

Explanation:

All except measuring the height and width of the glassware could cause hazards within the lab.

3 0

1 year ago

A flask contains methane, chlorine and carbon monoxide gases. the partial pressures of each are 0.215 atm, 0.066 atm, and 0.826

hjlf

Answer;

The total pressure is 1.107 atm.

Explanation;

The total pressure is the sum of the pressures of the three gases in the flask

Pressure (total) = 0.215 atm + 0.066 atm + 0.826 atm = 1.107 atm

= 1.107 atm.

8 0

1 year ago

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After careful analysis, an electromagnetic wave is found to have a frequency of 7.8 x 10^6 Hz. What is the speed of the wave?

damaskus [11]

Answer:

Explanation:

4 0

2 years ago

That's just the tip of the iceberg" is a popular expression you may have heard. It means that what you can see is only a small p

vitfil [10]

The density of an iceberg is less than that of water and that is why it floats. It is the same as ice cubes floating on water too. Water is a very unique substance in that it is one of few compounds where cooling it past freezing point decreases its density (study hydrogen bonds). The possible answers are therefore A or C. If the majority of the ice is below the water then it should be clear from common sense that A is the correct answer as it would mostly float on the top with just a little under the surface if the answer were as low as C. See Archimedes Principle for an explanation of how much of the ice floats and how much is underwater.

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1 year ago

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