Answer : 
and 
are the ions formed from the NaCl salt dissolve in water.
Explanation :
The NaCl salt is formed when positive sodium ions bonded to the negative chloride ions.
When NaCl dissolves in water, the negative part of water attract the positive sodium ions and positive part of water attract the negative chloride ions.
The NMR is attached that is required to answer this question. We are told that we have a carboxylic acid and that there is a nitro group directly attached to an aromatic ring. We can begin by determining the substitution on the aromatic ring.
Looking at the NMR spectrum, we a peak that integrates to 1 H at 12 ppm which is characteristic of a carboxylic acid, which we already know is present. Next we have two equivalent doublets that both integrate to 2 H, giving us 4 hydrogens in total. These doublets are in the aromatic region and this type of coupling pattern is characteristic of a 1,4-substituted aromatic ring, so we know there is only one other group substituted on the ring. However, the molecular formula is C₉H₉NO₄, so there are still 2 carbons not accounted for, if we include our carboxlic acid. Therefore, the carboxylic acid must be attached to some alkyl group which is substituted onto the aromatic ring.
We have a doublet at 1.6 ppm that integrates to 3, which suggests this is a methyl group adjacent to a CH. We also have a quartet at 4.0 ppm with an integration of 1. This suggests it is a CH that is adjacent to 3 hydrogen, most likely the methyl group we just described.
Therefore, we have a CH attached to a CH3, so that CH requires two more bonds. The only pieces left to attach to it are the aromatic ring and the carboxylic acid functional group. This gives us the structure shown in the image provided.
Answer is: 48,25 torr.
Raoult's Law: p = x(solv) · p(solv)
p - <span>vapour pressure of a solution.
</span>x(solv) - <span>mole fraction of the solvent.
</span>p(solv) - <span>vapour pressure of the pure solvent.
</span>n(ethanol) = 950g ÷ 46,07g/mol = 20,62 mol.
x(solv) = moles of solvent ÷ total number of moles
x(solv) = 20,62 ÷ 21,77 = 0,965.
p = 0,965 ·50,0 torr = 48,25 torr.
Answer:
Non-polar compounds: 
, 
, 
Polar compounds: 
, 
Explanation:
For this question, we must start with the <u>Lewis structure</u> for each molecule and then we can do their respective analysis:
-)
In this case, we have 4 equal atoms attached to the central atom. Therefore, we have the <u>same magnitude</u> of electronegativity. Chlorine atoms have <u>different and opposite directions.</u> Therefore due to the orientation the dipole moments cancel and the <u>net dipole moment will be zero</u> and the molecule will be non-polar.
-)
In this case, we have a linear structure in which the magnitude of the dipole moment is the same, but the direction is the <u>opposite</u>. Therefore the dipole moments are canceled and the molecule will be <u>non-polar</u>.
-)
In this case, we also have a linear structure in which the magnitude of the dipole moment is the same, but the direction is the <u>opposite</u>. Therefore the dipole moments are canceled and the molecule will be <u>non-polar</u>.
-)
For this molecule, we have a <u>different atom</u>. The hydrogen atom, therefore the magnitude of one of the atoms attached to the central atom is different and the magnitude of the <u>net dipole moment will be different from zero</u> and the molecule will be <u>polar</u>.
-)
For this molecule, due to the structure of the molecule, the dipole moments of oxygens <u>will not have a totally opposite configuration</u>. Therefore, the net dipole moment will be different from zero and the molecule will be <u>polar</u>.
See figure 1 to further explanations
I hope it helps!
Answer:
The final result is <u>2-methoxybutane. </u>
<u />
Explanation:
1-butene has a carbon-carbon double bound between C1 and C2.
When it will react with methanol, in the presence of an acid, the result will be an ether.
C4H8 + CH3OH → C5H12O
An acid-catalyzed ether synthesis from alkenes is limited by carbocation stability.
In the first step, the double bound will disappear. The C2 atom will be a C+ atom, this becaus it has only 3 bounds and not 4.
This C+ -atom will atract the O- atom to form an ether. The CH3 of methanol will bind on the C3 atom, this is the most stable position.
2-methoxybutane will be formed. It has a structural formula of C5H12O
1-methoxybutane will not be formed, because it's less stable.
1-butanol will be formed when water is added to 1-butene. The mechanism has the same principle but not the same product.
1-ethoxybutane and 2-ethoxybutane have a structural formula of C6H14O, this will not be the final result.
The final result is <u>2-methoxybutane. </u>
<u />
