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chubhunter [2.5K]
2 years ago
13

A transverse wave on a rope is given by y(x,t)= (0.750cm)cos(π[(0.400cm−1)x+(250s−1)t]). part a part complete find the amplitude

.
Physics
2 answers:
Pani-rosa [81]2 years ago
4 0
The amplitude of a wave corresponds to its maximum oscillation of the wave itself. 
In our problem, the equation of the wave is
y(x,t)= (0.750cm)cos(\pi [(0.400cm-1)x+(250s-1)t])
We can see that the maximum value of y(x,t) is reached when the cosine is equal to 1. When this condition occurs,
y(x,t)=0.750 cm
and therefore this value corresponds to the amplitude of the wave.
mina [271]2 years ago
3 0

The amplitude of the given transverse wave in the rope is \boxed{0.750\,{\text{cm}}}.

Further Explanation:

The given expression of the wave developed in the rope is.

 y\left( {x,t} \right) = \left( {0.750\,{\text{cm}}} \right)\cos \left( {\pi \left[ {\left( {0.400\,{\text{cm}} - {\text{1}}} \right)x + \left( {250\,{\text{s}} - 1} \right)t} \right]} \right)

The standard equation of the wave produced in a rope is given as.

\boxed{y\left( {x,t} \right) = A\cos \left( {kx + \omega t} \right)}

Here, y is the position of the wave, A is the amplitude of the wave, k is the wave number and \omega is the angular frequency of the wave.

On comparing the above equation of the wave with the standard equation of the wave produced in a rope, the amplitude of the wave can be obtained as follows.

 A = 0.750\,{\text{cm}}

Thus, the amplitude of the given transverse wave in the rope is \boxed{0.750\,{\text{cm}}}.

Learn More:

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: Waves

Subject: Physics

Keywords:  Transverse, wave, amplitude, angular frequency, stationary wave, rope, velocity, position, wave number.

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(a) 80 N/m

The spring constant can be found by using Hooke's law:

F=kx

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F is the force on the spring

k is the spring constant

x is the displacement of the spring relative to the equilibrium position

At the beginning, we have

F = 16.0 N is the force applied

x = 0.200 m is the displacement from the equilibrium position

Solving the formula for k, we find

k=\frac{F}{m}=\frac{16.0 N}{0.200 m}=80 N/m

(b) 0.84 Hz

The frequency of oscillation of the system is given by

f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}

where

k = 80 N/m is the spring constant

m = 2.90 kg is the mass attached to the spring

Substituting the numbers into the formula, we find

f=\frac{1}{2\pi}\sqrt{\frac{80 N/m}{2.90 kg}}=0.84 Hz

(c) 1.05 m/s

The maximum speed of a spring-mass system is given by

v=\omega A

where

\omega is the angular frequency

A is the amplitude of the motion

For this system, we have

\omega=2\pi f=2\pi (0.84 Hz)=5.25 rad/s

A=0.200 m (the amplitude corresponds to the maximum displacement, so it is equal to the initial displacement)

Substituting into the formula, we find the maximum speed:

v=(5.25 rad/s)(0.200 m)=1.05 m/s

(d) x = 0

The maximum speed in a simple harmonic motion occurs at the equilibrium position. In fact, the total mechanical energy of the system is equal to the sum of the elastic potential energy (U) and the kinetic energy (K):

E=U+K=\frac{1}{2}kx^2+\frac{1}{2}mv^2

where

k is the spring constant

x is the displacement

m is the mass

v is the speed

The mechanical energy E is constant: this means that when U increases, K decreases, and viceversa. Therefore, the maximum kinetic energy (and so the maximum speed) will occur when the elastic potential energy is minimum (zero), and this occurs when x=0.

(e) 5.51 m/s^2

In a simple harmonic motion, the maximum acceleration is given by

a=\omega^2 A

Using the numbers we calculated in part c):

\omega=2\pi f=2\pi (0.84 Hz)=5.25 rad/s

A=0.200 m

we find immediately the maximum acceleration:

a=(5.25 rad/s)^2(0.200 m)=5.51 m/s^2

(f) At the position of maximum displacement: x=\pm 0.200 m

According to Newton's second law, the acceleration is directly proportional to the force on the mass:

a=\frac{F}{m}

this means that the acceleration will be maximum when the force is maximum.

However, the force is given by Hooke's law:

F=kx

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(g) 1.60 J

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where

m = 2.90 kg is the mass

v_{max}=1.05 m/s is the maximum speed

Solving for E, we find

E=\frac{1}{2}(2.90 kg)(1.05 m/s)^2=1.60 J

(h) 0.99 m/s

When the position is equal to 1/3 of the maximum displacement, we have

x=\frac{1}{3}(0.200 m)=0.0667 m

so the elastic potential energy is

U=\frac{1}{2}kx^2=\frac{1}{2}(80 N/m)(0.0667 m)^2=0.18 J

and since the total energy E = 1.60 J is conserved, the kinetic energy is

K=E-U=1.60 J-0.18 J=1.42 J

And from the relationship between kinetic energy and speed, we can find the speed of the system:

v=\sqrt{\frac{2K}{m}}=\sqrt{\frac{2(1.42 J)}{2.90 kg}}=0.99 m/s

(i) 1.84 m/s^2

When the position is equal to 1/3 of the maximum displacement, we have

x=\frac{1}{3}(0.200 m)=0.0667 m

So the restoring force exerted by the spring on the mass is

F=kx=(80 N/m)(0.0667 m)=5.34 N

And so, we can calculate the acceleration by using Newton's second law:

a=\frac{F}{m}=\frac{5.34 N}{2.90 kg}=1.84 m/s^2

8 0
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