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2 years ago

What is the percentage by mass of solution formed by dissolving 36.0 grams of HCl in 98.0 grams of water?

Chemistry

2 answers:

Montano1993 [528]2 years ago

5 0

Answer:

The percentage by mass of the solution is 26.86%.

Explanation:

Mass of hydrochloric acid = 36.0 g

Mass of water = 98.0 g

Solution = HCl+ Water

Mass of the solution = 36.0g + 98.0 g = 134 g

mAss percentage of the solution:

$\frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of the solution}}\times 100$

$\frac{36 g}{134 g}\times 100=26.86\%$

The percentage by mass of the solution is 26.86%.

Svetradugi [14.3K]2 years ago

4 0

Convert HCl and H2O to mols.

36.0g HCl = 0.987mols HCl

98.0g H2O = 5.44mols H2O

According to the stoichiometric ratio of HCl,
you have 0.987mols of H and 0.987mols of Cl.

According to the stoichiometric ratio of H20, you have 10.88mols of H and 5.44mols of O.

Summing them:
11.867 mols H
0.987 mols Cl
5.44 mols O

Convert each back to grams and divide by total mass and multiply by 100 to determine percentage by mass.

11.867mol H = 11.96g H
0.987mols Cl = 34.99g Cl
5.44mols O = 87.03g O

11.96/(36.0+98.0)(100) = 8.93% H
34.99/(36.0+98.0)(100) = 26.11% Cl
87.03/(36.0+98.0)(100) = 64.96% O

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Answer : The final temperature would be, 791.1 K

Explanation :

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or,

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where,

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Now put all the given values in this formula, we get:

$\log (\frac{4\times K_1}{K_1})=\frac{265000J/mol}{2.303\times 8.314J/mole.K}[\frac{1}{733K}-\frac{1}{T_2}]$

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Andreyy89

Answer:

The enthalpy of reaction is -185 kJ

Explanation:

To get the reaction:

H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) → 2 HCl(g)

you must follow the following steps:

1) Reactive molecules must break their bonds to obtain their atoms.

H₂(g) → 2 H(g)

Cl₂(g) → 2 Cl(g)

Bond energy (or enthalpy) is the energy required to break one mole of bonds of a gaseous substance. In the case of diatomic molecules with a single bond, it corresponds to the energy necessary to dissociate 1 mole of said substance in the atoms that form it.

Whenever you want to break links you must supply energy, so the link enthalpy will have positive values; while when a mole of bonds is formed energy is released and the bond enthalpy of this process will be negative.

In this case you will then have:

H₂(g) → 2 H(g) ΔH=436 kJ/mol

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So the total energy needed to break all the bonds is:

ΔH=1 mol*436 kJ/mol +1 mol* 243 kJ/mol= 679 kJ

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2 H (g) + 2 Cl (g) → 2 HCl (g)

Being the single bond energy for one mole of 431 kJ H-Cl bonds and considering that two moles of H-Cl bonds are formed, the ΔH is:

ΔH = -2 moles* (432 kJ/mol) = -864 kJ

As mentioned, when a mole of bonds is formed energy is released, the bond enthalpy of this process will be negative. So the formation of HCl is negative.

Hess's law states that the energy change in an overall chemical reaction is equal to the sum of the energy changes in the individual reactions comprising it. So:

ΔHtotal= -864 kJ + 679 kJ

ΔHtotal= -185 kJ

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