The heat released by the water when it cools down by a temperature difference

is

where
m=432 g is the mass of the water

is the specific heat capacity of water

is the decrease of temperature of the water
Plugging the numbers into the equation, we find

and this is the amount of heat released by the water.
Answer:
The current is 
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The radius of the kite string is 
The distance it extended upward is 
The thickness of the water layer is 
The resistivity is 
The potential difference is 
Generally the cross sectional area of the water layer is mathematically represented as

Here r is mathematically represented as
![r = [(R + d ) - R]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=r%20%3D%20%20%5B%28R%20%2B%20d%20%29%20-%20R%5D)
=> ![r = [(0.00202 + 0.000506 ) - 0.00202]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=r%20%3D%20%20%5B%280.00202%20%2B%20%200.000506%20%29%20-%200.00202%5D)
=> 
=>
=>
Generally the resistance of the water is mathematically represented as

=> 
=> 
Generally the current is mathematically represented as

=> 
=> 
Answer:
Part a)

Part b)

Part c)

Explanation:
Part a)
As we know that the velocity of the tip of the kicker's shoe is given as

also the length of the tip of the shoe from his hip joint is given as

now the angular speed is given as



Part b)
As we know that force on the ball is given as rate of change in momentum of the ball
so it is given as

so we have



Part c)
As we know that the formula of range is given as

now for maximum range we know




Explanation:
Given that,
Height of object = 3.0 cm
Distance of object u= 48 cm
Focal length = 48 cm
We need to calculate the image distance
Using formula of lens

Put the value into the formula




(I). The image is real.
(II). The distance of the image from the lens is 14.11 cm.
(II). The image is inverted.
(IV). We need to calculate the height of the image
Using formula of magnification


Put the value into the formula



The height of the image is 0.88 cm.
Hence, This is the required solution.
I don't think its a niche or community.My best guess is probably the habitat.
Hope that helps :)