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Setler79 [48]
2 years ago
8

A metal, M , of atomic mass 56 amu reacts with chlorine to form a salt that can be represented as MClx. A boiling point elevatio

n experiment is performed to determine the subscript , and therefore, the formula of the salt. A 30.2 g sample of the salt is dissolved in 100.0 g of water and the boiling point of the solution is found to be 376.81 K. Find the formula of the salt. Assume complete dissociation of the salt in solution.
CAN SOMEONE PLEASE HELP ME!!! I AM VERY CONFUSED AND ITS DUE TODAY BEFORE 11:55 THANK YOU IN ADVANCED
Chemistry
1 answer:
Goryan [66]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

  MCl₂

Explanation:

The formula for boiling point elevation can be used to find x. The "complete dissociation" means there will be an ion of M and x ions of Cl in the solution. The number of moles of solute will be 30.2 grams divided by the molecular weight of MClx, where x is the variable we're trying to find.

  \Delta T=imK_b\qquad\text{where i=ions/mole, m=molality, $K_b\approx 0.512$}\\\\376.81-373.15=(x+1)\dfrac{\text{moles}}{\text{kg solvent}}(0.512)\\\\\dfrac{3.66}{0.512}=(x+1)\dfrac{\dfrac{30.2}{56+35.45x}}{0.1}=\dfrac{302(x+1)}{56+35.45x}\\\\\dfrac{3.66}{0.512\cdot 302}(56+35.45x)=x+1\\\\\dfrac{3.66\cdot 56}{0.512\cdot 302}-1=x\left(1-\dfrac{3.66\cdot 35.45}{0.512\cdot 302}\right)\\\\x=\dfrac{50.336}{24.877}\approx 2.023

Then the formula for the salt is MCl₂.

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Explanation:

Vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by vapors or gas on the surface of a liquid.

Vapor pressure is inversely proportional to the number of solute particles. Hence, more will be the solute particles lower will be the vapor pressure and vice-versa.

(a)   KClO_{4} \rightarrow K^{+} + ClO^{-}_{4}

It dissociates to give two particles.

(b)  Ca(ClO_{4})_{2} \rightarrow Ca^{2+} + 2ClO^{-}_{4}

Total number of particles it give upon dissociation are 1 + 2 = 3. Hence, it gives 3 particles.

(c)   Al(ClO_{4})_{3} \rightarrow Al^{3+} + 3ClO^{-}_{4}

Total number of particles it give upon dissociation are 1 + 3 = 4. Hence, it gives 4 particles.

(d)  Surcose being a cobvalent compound doe not dissociate into ions. Therefore, there will be only 1 particle is present.

(e)   NaCl \rightarrow Na^{+} + Cl^{-}

Total number of particles it give upon dissociation are 1 + 1 = 2. Hence, it gives 2 particles.

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2 years ago
List the number of each type of atom on the left side of the equation 2C10H22(l)+31O2(g)→20CO2(g)+22H2O(g)
ValentinkaMS [17]

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Explanation:

In the given chemical reaction:

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Reactants side = Left side

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8 0
2 years ago
BH+ClO4- is a salt formed from the base B (Kb = 1.00e-4) and perchloric acid. It dissociates into BH+, a weak acid, and ClO4-, w
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Answer:

The pH of 0.1 M BH⁺ClO₄⁻ solution is <u>5.44</u>

Explanation:

Given: The base dissociation constant: K_{b} = 1 × 10⁻⁴, Concentration of salt: BH⁺ClO₄⁻ = 0.1 M

Also, water dissociation constant: K_{w} = 1 × 10⁻¹⁴

<em><u>The acid dissociation constant </u></em>(K_{a})<em><u> for the weak acid (BH⁺) can be calculated by the equation:</u></em>

K_{a}. K_{b} = K_{w}    

\Rightarrow K_{a} = \frac{K_{w}}{K_{b}}

\Rightarrow K_{a} = \frac{1\times 10^{-14}}{1\times 10^{-4}} = 1\times 10^{-10}

<em><u>Now, the acid dissociation reaction for the weak acid (BH⁺) and the initial concentration and concentration at equilibrium is given as:</u></em>

Reaction involved: BH⁺  +  H₂O  ⇌  B  +  H₃O+

Initial:                     0.1 M                    x         x            

Change:                   -x                      +x       +x

Equilibrium:           0.1 - x                    x         x

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\Rightarrow K_{a} = \frac{x^{2}}{0.1 - x}

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As, x

\Rightarrow 0.1 - x = 0.1

\therefore 1\times 10^{-10} = \frac{x^{2}}{0.1 }

\Rightarrow x^{2} = (1\times 10^{-10})\times 0.1 = 1\times 10^{-11}

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<u>Therefore, the concentration of hydrogen ion: x = 3.6 × 10⁻⁶ M</u>

Now, pH = - ㏒ [H⁺] = - ㏒ (3.6 × 10⁻⁶ M) = 5.44

<u>Therefore, the pH of 0.1 M BH⁺ClO₄⁻ solution is 5.44</u>

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jasenka [17]
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2 years ago
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