A cube of linear elastic material is again subjected to a vertical compressive stress s1 in the 1-direction, but is now constrai
ned (ε ¼0) in both the 2 and the 3 directions. (a) Findexpressionsfortheinducedtransversestresses, s2 and s3 intermsof s1. Hence, derive an expression for the ‘effective modulus’ (s1/ε1) in this case. (b) Sketch the variation of effective modulus with n, and comment on the limiting values when n¼0 (foam) and n z 0.5 (rubber). (c) Explain why the rubber soles of running shoes are designed with some combination of air or gel pockets, partially foamed rubber, and a tread
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Answer:
Part A : E = ε₀ Q₁/R₁² Volt/meter
Part B : V = ε₀ Q₁/R₁ Volt
Explanation:
Given that,
Charge distributed on the sphere is Q₁
The radius of sphere is R
₁
The electric potential at infinity is 0
<em>Part A</em>
The space around a charge in which its influence is felt is known in the electric field. The strength at any point inside the electric field is defined by the force experienced by a unit positive charge placed at that point.
If a unit positive charge is placed at the surface it experiences a force according to the Coulomb law is given by
F = ε₀ Q₁/R₁²
Then the electric field at that point is
E = F/1
E = ε₀ Q₁/R₁² Volt/meter
Part B
The electric potential at a point is defined as the amount of work done in moving a unit positive charge from infinity to that point against electric forces.
Thus, the electric potential at the surface of the sphere of radius R₁ and charge distribution Q₁ is given by the relation
V = ε₀ Q₁/R₁ Volt
Answer:
Explanation:
Mass of the cable car, m = 5800 kg
It goes 260 m up a hill, along a slope of
Therefore vertical elevation of the car =
Now, when you get into the cable car, it's velocity is zero, that is, initial kinetic energy is zero (since K.E. = ). Similarly as the car reaches the top, it halts and hence final kinetic energy is zero.
Therefore the only possible change in the cable car system is the change in it's gravitational potential energy.
Hence, total change in energy = mgh =
where, g = acceleration due to gravity
h = height/vertical elevation