Why did the use of steam during the industrial revolution lead to an interest in understanding the atom?

The chemical reaction that causes chromium to corrode in air is given by 4Cr+3O2→2Cr2O3 in which at 298 K ΔH∘rxn = −2256 kJ ΔS∘r

MAVERICK [17]

Answer:

-2092 kJ

Explanation:

Let's consider the chemical reaction that causes chromium to corrode in air.

4 Cr + 3 O₂ → 2 Cr₂O₃

We can calculate the standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) using the following expression.

ΔG° = ΔH° - T × ΔS°

where,

ΔH°: standard enthalpy of the reaction

T: absolute temperature

ΔS°: standard entropy of the reaction

ΔG° = -2256 kJ - 298 K × (-0.5491 kJ/K)

ΔG° = -2092 kJ

5 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Watch the video to determine which of the following relationships correctly depict the relationship between pressure and volume

AnnZ [28]

Answer : The correct options are,

(B) $V\propto \frac{1}{P}$

(C) $P\propto \frac{1}{V}$

Explanation :

Boyle's Law : It is defined as the pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature and number of moles.

$P\propto \frac{1}{V}$

or,

$V\propto \frac{1}{P}$

The relation between the pressure and volume of two gases are:

$P_1V_1=P_2V_2$

where,

$P_1$ = initial pressure of gas

$P_2$ = final pressure of gas

$V_1$ = initial volume of gas

$V_2$ = final volume of gas

5 0

2 years ago

Calculate the pka of hypochlorous acid. The ph of a 0.015 m solution of hypochlorous acid has a ph of 4.64.

o-na [289]

Answer:

pKa = 7.46

Explanation:

1) Data:

a) Hypochlorous acid = HClO

b) [HClO} = 0.015

c) pH = 4.64

d) pKa = ?

2) Strategy:

With the pH calculate [H₃O⁺], then use the equilibrium equation to calculate the equilibrium constant, Ka, and finally calculate pKa from the definition.

3) Solution:

a) pH

pH = - log [H₃O⁺]

4.64 = - log [H₃O⁺]

$[H_3O^+]= 10^{-4.64} = 2.29.10^{-5}$

b) Equilibrium equation: HClO (aq) ⇄ ClO⁻ (aq) + H₃O⁺ (aq)

c) Equilibrium constant: Ka = [ClO⁻] [H₃O⁺] / [HClO]

d) From the stoichiometry: [CLO⁻] = [H₃O⁺] = 2.29 × 10 ⁻⁵ M

e) By substitution: Ka = (2.29 × 10 ⁻⁵ M)² / 0.015M = 3.50 × 10⁻⁸ M

f) By definition: pKa = - log Ka = - log (3.50 × 10 ⁻⁸) = 7.46

5 0

2 years ago

What is the kinetic energy acquired by the electron in hydrogen atom, if it absorbs a light radiation of energy 1.08x101 J. (A)

Delvig [45]

Explanation:

The given data is as follows.

Energy of radiation absorbed by the electron in hydrogen atom = $1.08 \times 10^{-17} J$

As energy is absorbed as a photon. Hence, frequency will be calculated will be as follows.

E = $h \nu$

$1.08 \times 10^{-17} J$ = $6.626 \times 10^{-34} Js \times \nu$

$\nu$ = $0.163 \times 10^{17} s^{-1}$

or, $\nu$ = $1.63 \times 10^{16} s^{-1}$

It is known that, $\nu = \frac{c}{\lambda}$

$1.63 \times 10^{16} s^{-1} = \frac{3 \times 10^{8} m/s}{\lambda}$

$\lambda$ = $1.84 \times 10^{-8} m$

And, according to De-Broglie equation $\lambda = \frac{h}{p}$

as, p = $m \times \nu$

So, $\lambda = \frac{h}{m \times \nu}$

$m \times \nu = \frac{6.626 \times 10^{-34} Js}{1.84 \times 10^{-8} m}$

= $3.6 \times 10^{-26} J/m$

Now, on squaring both the sides we get the following.

$(m \times \nu)^{2}$ = $(3.6 \times 10^{-26} J/m)^{2}$

= $12.96 \times 10^{-52}$

$m \times \nu^{2} = \frac{12.96 \times 10^{-52}}{m}$

where, m = mass of electron

So, $m \times \nu^{2} = \frac{12.96 \times 10^{-52}}{m}$

= $\frac{12.96 \times 10^{-52}}{9.1 \times 10^{-31}}$

= $1.42 \times 10^{-21}$ J

Since, K.E = $\frac{1}{2}m \nu^{2}$

= $\frac{1.42 \times 10^{-21} J}{2}$

= $0.71 \times 10^{-21} J$

Thus, we can conclude that kinetic energy acquired by the electron in hydrogen atom is $7.1 \times 10^{-22} J$ .

4 0

2 years ago

list three sources of error that could account for the differences between your values for the enthalpy of fusion of water and t

NARA [144]

Three sources of error that might account for the differences in the enthalpy of fusion include the room temperature how much’ long you stirred and another thing that might make it have different results is how long the ice was out for

3 0

2 years ago